Database for Global Development Network

Global Development Network Growth Database
William Easterly and Mirvat Sewadeh
World Bank

Macro time series
Micro time series
Government finance
Social indicators and fixed factors
Notes

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GDP, PPP (current international $)	Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators
GDP at market prices (current US$)	ibid.
GDP at market prices (current LCU)	ibid.
GDP growth (annual %)	ibid.
Real GDP Per Capita in constant dollars (international prices, base year 1985)	Penn World Table 5.6. Missing data calculated from 1985 GDP per capita and GDP per capita growth rates (Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators).
GDP Per Capita growth (annual %)	ibid.
Trading Partners' GDP Per Capita growth (%, weighted average by trade share)	IMF: Directions of Trade (trade data); Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators (GDP per capita growth)
OECD Trading Partners' GDP Per Capita growth (%, weighted average by trade share)	ibid.
Non-OECD Trading Partners' GDP Per Capita growth (%, weighted average by trade share)	ibid.
Agriculture, value added (% of GDP)	Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators
Population, total	ibid.
Population growth (annual %)	ibid.
Urban population (% of total population)	ibid.
Terms of trade adjustment (constant LCU)	ibid.
Terms of trade (goods and services, 1995 = 100)	ibid.
Terms of trade (definition 2)	ibid.
Non-OECD terms of trade (definition 2, weighted by share of trade with non-OECD countries)	ibid; IMF: Directions of Trade (for trade data).
Total trade (imports+exports) (% of GDP)	Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators
Trade with OECD countries (imports+exports) (% of GDP)	ibid.
Trade with non-OECD countries (imports+exports) (% of GDP)	ibid.
Exports of goods and services (BoP, current US$)	ibid.
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)	ibid.
Imports of goods and services (BoP, current US$)	ibid.
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)	ibid.
External debt, total (DOD, current US$)	ibid.
External debt (% of GDP)	ibid.
Real effective exchange rate index (1995=100)	ibid. Formula: CPI(local)/(CPI(US)*Official ER)
Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average)	ibid.
Real Overvaluation	Dollar 1992 "Outward- oriented developing economies really do grow more rapidly: evidence from 95 LDCs, 1976- 1985" (overvaluation index); Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators (Real effective exchange rate index)
Black market premium (%, 0 means zero)	Levine and Renelt; World Currency Yearbook (1985, 1990-93); Adrian Wood 1988 "Global trends in real exchange rates: 1960-84" (filling in missing observations); Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators (1996-1997, formula: (parallel Xrate/official Xrate-1)*100 ); values for industrial countries are added as 0
Consumer price index (1995 = 100)	Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators
Inflation, consumer prices (annual %)	ibid.
Real interest rate (%)	ibid. Missing data filled in from Easterly, Rodriguez, and Schmidt-Hebbel "Public Sector Deficits and Macroeconomic Performance." (Statistical appendix) 1994.
Money and quasi money (M2) as % of GDP	ibid.
Overall budget surplus, including grants (% of GDP)	ibid.
Overall budget surplus, excluding capital grants (% of GDP)	ibid. Missing data filled in from Easterly, Rodriguez, and Schmidt-Hebbel "Public Sector Deficits and Macroeconomic Performance." (Statistical appendix) 1994.
Gross domestic investment (% of GDP)	Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators
Public investment (% of GDP)	Guy P. Pfeffermann, Gregory V. Kisunko, and Mariusz A. Sumlinski, "Trends in Private Investment in Developing Countries:Statistics for 1970-97". Missing data filled in from Easterly, Rodriguez, and Schmidt-Hebbel "Public Sector Deficits and Macroeconomic Performance." (Statistical appendix) 1994 and Bruno and Easterly JME 1998.
Private investment (% of GDP)	Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators (for gross domestic investment); Guy P. Pfeffermann, Gregory V. Kisunko, and Mariusz A. Sumlinski, "Trends in Private Investment in Developing Countries:Statistics for 1970-97" (for public investment and private investment)

Capital per worker	Summers and Heston
Capital per worker (using disagg. Inv.)	Easterly, W. and Ross Levine, “It’s not factor accumulation: stylized facts and growth models” , Mimeo, World Bank and U. of Minnesota, September 1999
Capital per worker (using agg. Inv.)	ibid.
Capital stock (using disagg. Inv.)	ibid.
Workers	ibid.
Output per worker	ibid.

* all variables expressed as % of GDP	IMF: Government Financial Statistics: Central Govt, Consolidated Accts (AVAIL. BUDGETARY+EXTRA-BUDGETARY+SOC SEC); GDP data from Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators
80. OVERALL DEFICIT/SURPLUS	ibid.
81. TOTAL REVENUE & GRANTS	ibid.
81A. TAXES ON INCOME, PROFITS, & CAPITAL GAINS	ibid.
81B. SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS	ibid.
81C. TAXES ON PAYROLL OR WORK FORCE	ibid.
81D. TAXES ON PROPERTY	ibid.
81E. DOMESTIC TAXES ON GOODS & SERVICES	ibid.
81F. TAXES ON INTL TRADE & TRANSACTIONS	ibid.
81G. OTHER TAXES	ibid.
81Y. TOTAL REVENUE	ibid.
81YA. TAX REVENUE	ibid.
81YB. NONTAX REVENUE	ibid.
81YC. CAPITAL REVENUE	ibid.
81YD. CURRENT REVENUE	ibid.
81Z. GRANTS	ibid.
82. TOTAL EXPENDITURE	ibid.
82A. GENERAL PUBLIC SERVICES	ibid.
82AC. PUBLIC ORDER & SAFETY (B3)	ibid.
82B. DEFENSE (B2)	ibid.
82C. EDUCATION (B4)	ibid.
82D. HEALTH (B5)	ibid.
82E. SOCIAL SECURITY & WELFARE (B6)	ibid.
82F. HOUSING & COMMUNITY AMENITIES (B7)	ibid.
82G. RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL, & RELIG AFFAIRS (B8)	ibid.
82H. ECONOMIC AFFAIRS & SERVICES (B9 TO B13)	ibid.
82HB. AGRI, FORESTRY, FISHING, & HUNTING (B10)	ibid.
82HC. MINING & MINERAL RESOURCES, MANUF, & CONSTRUCTION (B11)	ibid.
82HD. FUEL & ENERGY (B9)	ibid.
82HI. TRANSPORTATION & COMMUNICATION (B12)	ibid.
82HL. OTH ECONOMIC AFFAIRS & SERVICES (B13)	ibid.
82K. OTH EXPENDITURES (B14)	ibid.
82N. CURR EXPENDITURE ON GOODS & SERVICES (C1)	ibid.
82NA. WAGES & SALARIES; EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS (C1.1 + C1.2)	ibid.
82NP. OTH PURCHASES OF GOODS & SERVICES (C1.3)	ibid.
82NX. EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS (C1.2)	ibid.
82PA. INTEREST PAYMENTS (C2)	ibid.
82PJ. SUBSIDIES & OTH CURR TRANSFERS (C3)	ibid.
82PK. SUBSIDIES (C3.1)	ibid.
82PM. TRANSFERS TO OTH LEVELS OF NATL GOVT (C3.2)	ibid.
82PP. TRANSFERS ABROAD (C3.5)	ibid.
82PT. TRANSFERS TO NONPROFIT INSTS & HHLDS (C3.3 4 + C3.4)	ibid.
82R. CURRENT EXPENDITURE (C.III)	ibid.
82V. CAPITAL EXPENDITURE (C.IV)	ibid.
82VA. ACQUISITION OF FIXED ASSETS (C4)	ibid.
82Z. EXPEND & LENDING MINUS REPAYMENTS (C.I; OR C.II + C.V)

Social Indicators
School enrollment, primary (% gross)	Global Development Finance & World Development Indicators
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)	ibid.
School enrollment, tertiary (% gross)	ibid.
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)	ibid.
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)	ibid.
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)	ibid.
Telephone mainlines (per 1,000 people)	ibid.
Telephone mainlines per employee	ibid.
Size of military/population	Arthur S. Banks Cross National Time-Series Data Archive
Automobiles per capita	ibid.
First class mail per capita	ibid.
Radios per capita	ibid.
TV sets per capita	ibid.
Newspaper circulation per capita	ibid.
Book titles per capita	ibid.
Assassinations	ibid.
General strikes	ibid.
Guerrilla warfare	ibid.
Major overnment crises	ibid.
Purges	ibid.
Riots	ibid.
Revolutions	ibid.
Party fractionalization index	ibid. Formula: F=1- , where t=the proportion of members associated with the ith party in the lower house of the legislature
Type of regime	ibid.
Coups d'etat	ibid.
Major constitutional changes	ibid.
Major cabinet changes	ibid.
Electric power production per capita (millions of kilowatt hours)	ibid.

Fixed Factors
Transition Economies
region	The World Bank
region: East Asia and Pacific	ibid.
region: East Europe and Central Asia	ibid.
region: Middle East and North Africa	ibid.
region: South Asia	ibid.
region: West Europe	ibid.
region: North America	ibid.
region: Sub Sahara Africa	ibid.
region: Latin America and Caribbean	ibid.
landlock
ethnic fractionalization
longitude
latitude
area
income level	The World Bank
low-income countries	ibid.
lower-middle income countries	ibid.
upper-middle income countries	ibid.
high-income OECD countries	ibid.
high-income non-OECD countries	ibid.
developing countries	ibid.
legal origin: British
legal origin: French
legal origin: Socialist
legal origin: German
legal origin: Scandinavian
tropical
exporters of manufactures	World Development Report
exporters of nonfuel primary products	ibid.
exporters of fuels (mainly oil)	ibid.
exporters of services	ibid.
diversified exporters	ibid.
not classified by export category	ibid.

Data are shown for economies as they were constituted in 1997, and historical data are revised to reflect current political arrangements unless otherwise noted.

On 1 July 1997 China resumed its exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong. Data for China do not include data for Hong Kong, China, or Taiwan, China, unless otherwise noted.

Data for the Democratic Republic of Congo (Congo, Dem. Rep. in the table listings) refer to the former Zaire. For clarity, this edition also uses the formal name of the Republic of Congo (Congo, Rep. in the table listings).

Data are shown whenever possible for the individual countries formed from the former Czechoslovakia—the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic.

Data are shown for Eritrea whenever possible, but in most cases before 1992 Eritrea is included in the data for Ethiopia.

Data for Germany refer to the unified Germany unless otherwise noted.

Data for Jordan refer to the East Bank only unless otherwise noted.

In 1991 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was dissolved into 15 countries (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan). Whenever possible, data are shown for the individual countries.

Data for the Republic of Yemen refer to that country from 1990 onward; data for previous years refer to aggregated data of the former People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen and the former Yemen Arab Republic unless otherwise noted.

Whenever possible, data are shown for the individual countries formed from the former Yugoslavia—Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Slovenia, and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. All references to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the tables are to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia/Montenegro).